Early evaluation of prototype products Identify opportunities, understand risks of product weaknesses, provide R&D with improvement direction Explore categories for opportunities Test improved products vs. competitors Fine-tuning product to optimum level prior to launch Can include other marketing components - concept, pack, price, etc => Fine-tuning marketing mix prior to launch Monitor products - attribute quality, brand preference Track health and equity of product, assess changes in competitors, measure product variation against internal quality control standards Is product manufactured at a consistently acceptable standard?